This analysis of the multinational RESPOND cohort of over 29,300 PWH aimed to investigate whether an association between CVD and recent abacavir (ABC) use was observed under modern treatment scenarios. Investigators also sought to explore if preferential ABC initiation among PWH with renal impairment impacted CVD association, and whether observations differed across estimated 5-year CKD and CVD risk score strata. A multivariate model incorporated known risk factors (including sex, age, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, prior CVD and CKD). Smoking status and cumulative exposure to other ARVs previously associated with CVD risk (e.g., ritonavir-boosted lopinavir, boosted darunavir, and integrase strand transfer inhibitors) were also included. Participants were 74.4% cismen (43.7% of Western European ethnicity) with a median baseline age of 44 years. 12.6% had a history of CVD event prior to baseline. Over 6.16 years median follow-up (up to December 31, 2019), the incidence rate of CVD events was 4.7/1000 PYFU. After adjusting for potential confounders, recent ABC use was associated with a 40% increased CVD rate. Investigators found no interaction between the observed ABC association with CVD and estimated CVD or CKD risk score, suggesting a similar CVD incidence rate for recent ABC exposure among participants at both high and low estimated CVD or CKD risk.